Abstract
Background: Spinal anesthesia blocks sympathetic nerves which can result in decreased systemic and peripheral vascular resistance, which will cause decrease in cardiac output. This decrease has implications for the occurrence of hypotension. The higher dose of anesthetic drugs given and the sympathethic nerve blockade, the more often patients will experience hypotension. This study aimed to determine the risk factors of age, height and weight for the occurrence of hypotension in section cesarea patients with spinal anethesia.
Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach, using a consecutive sampling technique and was conducted at Adventist Hos�pital, Medan, from January to December 2018. Total sample of 91 women who under�went Caesarean section were selected in this study. The dependent variables were age, height, and body weight. The independent variable was hypotension. The data were analyzed by chi-square test.
Results: The highest incidence of hypotension was found in the age group of 20-35 years (Mean= 32.60; SD= 5.75) and there was a significant difference between groups (p <0.001). The incidence of hypotension was more common at height 151-160 cm (Mean= 158.08; SD= 6.24), but there was no significant difference between groups (p= 0.540), whereas the incidence of hypotension was more common in the 61-70 kg weight group (Mean= 66.57; SD= 11.68).
Conclusion: Age is the most contributing factor causing hypotension compared to height and weight in cesarean section patients who were given spinal anesthesia.
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