Abstract
Background: Hypertension is an important public health issue in the world due to its high prevalence and strong association with cardiovascular disease and premature death. Hypertension affects more than 30% of the adult population worldwide, more than one billion people around the world. It is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease and stroke, but also for chronic kidney disease, heart failure, arrhythmia, and dementia. This study aimed to describe the distribution of hypertension prevalence by age, gender, education, and smoking habit, in an urban area.
Subjects and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in Bogor, West Java, in 2021. The dependent variable was hypertension. The data were collected by the Health Research and Development Agency. The data were reported descriptively.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension in the age group 61-70 years old was 57.03%, in females was 45.06%, no formal education was 58.7%, unemployed was 50.48%, and daily active smokers was 47.28%. Increasing age tends to have a higher risk of hypertension. The older age was related to hypertension. According to gender, it shows that women tend to have a higher risk of 2.2 times more than men. Meanwhile, the unemployed were 1.6 times more than those who were employed.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in the population living in an urban area, Bogor, varies by age, gender, education, and smoking habit.
Keywords: hypertension, smoking, urban, Indonesia.
Correspondence:
Hadi Ashar. National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia. Cibinong Science Center, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Pakansari, Cibinong, Bogor 16915, West Java, Indonesia. Email: hadi024@brin.go.id. Mobile: +62 812-2641-8083.
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