Abstract
Background: Body Mass Index (BMI) is a widely used measure to assess the health status of individuals, particularly in relation to weight and its correlation with various health conditions. Recently, the association between BMI, gender, and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among adults has significant attention in public health. Understanding these associations is crucial for tailoring targeted preventive measures and interventions. This study aimed to estimate the relationships between BMI, gender, and chronic kidney disease in adults using a meta-analysis.
Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis was conducted on several primary studies with a cross-sectional design. Research questions were formulated using the PICO model. Population= adults. Intervention= female, obesity. Comparison= male, non-obese. Outcome= chronic renal failure. Primary study articles published from 2018 to 2023 were searched using the electronic databases PubMed, Dovepress, and Scopus. The keywords used for the search were "Chronic kidney disease" AND Overweight OR Obesity AND Gender AND "Cross-sectional". The effect size of the adjusted Odds Ratio (aor) were calculated using RevMan 5.3.
Results: Meta-analysis was carried out on 8 cross-sectional studies from China, Bangladesh, Nepal, Ethiopia, and Palestine. Sample size= 38,813 adults. Female had lower risk to chronic kidney failure than male, but it was statistically non-significant (aOR= 0.99; 95% CI= 0.71 to 1.38; p= 0.940). Overweight or obesity significantly increased the risk of chronic kidney failure (aOR= 1.17, 95% CI= 0.06 to 2.28; p= 0.002). The funnel plot indicated no publication bias.
Conclusion: Female has lower risk to chronic kidney failure than male, but it is statistically non-significant. Overweight or obesity significantly increases the risk of chronic kidney failure.
Keywords: gender, obesity, overweight, chronic kidney disease, adults
Article Data
