The Influence of Family Income and Social Supporton the Risk of Postpartum Depression: Meta-Analysis

Jihan Rohadatul  Aisy; Bhisma  Murti

doi:10.26911/ICPH10/Maternal/2023.03

Authors

	Jihan Rohadatul Aisy Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia ~ Author
	Bhisma Murti Master’s Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia ~ Author

Abstract

Background: Postpartum depression is a serious public health concern. Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that affects approximately 10–15% of adult mothers yearly. Untreated postpartum depression can last for months or longer, sometimes becoming an ongoing depressive disorder. Postpartum depression impacts the mothering role and child development. Mothers may stop breastfeeding, have problems bonding with and caring for their infants, and be at increased risk of suicide. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the influence of family income and social support on the risk of postpartum depression.

Subjects and Method: This meta-analysis was conducted using the PICO research question. Population: Postpartum mothers. Intervention: Family income and strong social support. Comparison: Low family income and weak social support. Outcome: Postpartum depression. The articles were searched from databases PubMed, Nature, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Keywords used "Postpartum Depression" AND "Social Support" OR "Social Capital" OR "Family Support" OR "Husband Support" AND "Family Income" OR "Monthly Income" AND "Multivariate" AND "Cross-Sectional". The articles included full-text papers in English from 2018 to 2022. The articles were analyzed using Manager 5.3.

Results: The meta-analysis included 7 primary studies on the effect of family income from Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Bangladesh, India, and Ethiopia. The total sample was 9,453 postpartum mothers. High family income reduces the risk of postpartum depression (OR= 0.36; CI 95%= 0.28-0.26; p<0.001). Nine primary studies on the effect of social support were included from Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, Bangladesh, India, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and South Africa. The total sample size was 10,041 postpartum mothers. Strong social support reduces the risk of postpartum depression (OR= 0.30; CI 95%= 0.25-0.36; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Family income and social support reduce the risk of postpartum depression.

Keywords: family income, social support, postpartum depression.