Abstract
Background: Severe iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy increases the risk of premature birth (when delivery occurs before 37 complete weeks of pregnancy). It is also associated with having a low birth-weight baby and postpartum depression. This study aimed to estimate the effect of family income, diet, and iron supplementation on the risk of anaemia among pregnant women.
Subjects and Method: This meta-analysis was conducted using the PICO research question. Population: Pregnant women. Intervention: Low family income, poor diet, and no iron supplements. Comparison: High family income, good diet, and iron supplements. Outcome: Anaemia. The articles were searched from databases Google Scholar, Elsevier, PubMed, and Springer Link. Keywords used "Dietary" AND "Socio Economy" AND "Supplementation" AND "Anaemia" AND "Cross-sectional". The inclusion criteria included a full-text paper, cross-sectional study, multivariate analysis with adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), and published from 2013 to 2023. The articles were analyzed using Review Manager 5.4.
Results: Ten primary studies were included in this meta-analysis from China, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Ethiopia. The total sample size was 5,686,836 pregnant women. Anaemia in pregnant women increased with low family income (aOR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.33; p=0.001), poor diet (aOR: 1.44; 95% CI: 0.99 to 2.09; p=0.005), and no iron supplementation (aOR: 2.78; 95% CI: 2.09 to 3.70; p<0.001)
Conclusion: Anaemia in pregnant women increases with low family income, poor diet, and no iron supplementation.
Keywords: family income, diet, iron supplementation, anaemia, pregnant mothers
Article Data
